By Patturaja Murugaboopathy and Gaurav Dogra
(Reuters) - Even before China Evergrande Group's debt crisis sent the country's property sector into a tailspin, Chinese property firms were struggling to earn enough to make interest payments on their debt, data showed.
At the end of June, the aggregate interest coverage ratio of 21 big Hong Kong-listed Chinese real estate developers fell to 0.94, the worst in at least a decade, according to Reuters calculations based on Refinitiv data. The ratio - of a company's interest expenses to earnings before interest and tax - was 1.47 at the end of last year.
Graphic: Hong Kong listed Chinese property developers' interest cover ratio https://fingfx.thomsonreuters.com/gfx/mkt/lgvdwkzljpo/Hong%20Kong%20listed%20Chinese%20property%20developers'%20interest%20cover%20ratio.jpg
Once China's top property developer, Evergrande missed its second offshore bond interest payment last week. The company, once the country's largest, is reeling under a $305 billion debt pile and faces a massive restructuring.
"Rattled investor confidence from China Evergrande Group's recent troubles and likely default could spell a potential funding crunch for the Chinese property sector and speculative-grade issuers," S&P Global (NYSE:SPGI) said in a report.
China had already started to push property firms to cut excessive borrowing and land buying, and the crackdown hit them hard and limited their ability to refinance debt that is maturing in coming quarters.
Sunshine 100 China Holdings, China Oceanwide Holdings and China Fortune Land Development have all defaulted on payments this year.
"The risk that China allows some of these firms to declare bankruptcy is significant."
"Allowing an effective default here is a clear statement from the government that they'd like to deflate the housing bubble and that they'd be willing to let other major builders default to further that," said Eric Leve, chief investment officer at Bailard.
The country's real estate firms did try to accelerate efforts to cut debt last year after regulators introduced caps on three debt ratios. The median debt-to-equity ratio for these 21 firms fell to 1.8 at the end of June - the lowest since 2017 - from 1.9 in December, the calculations showed.
But their net debt-to-EBITDA held at 4.9 in June from 5.2 at the end of last year, a score considered risky by industry experts, suggesting it would take a long time to pay off the debt.
Graphic: Hong Kong listed Chinese property developers' net debt to EBITDA https://fingfx.thomsonreuters.com/gfx/mkt/znpnebabyvl/Hong%20Kong%20listed%20Chinese%20property%20developers'%20net%20debt%20to%20EBITDA.jpg
Graphic: Hong Kong listed Chinese property developers' debt to equity ratio https://fingfx.thomsonreuters.com/gfx/mkt/jnvweydwevw/Hong%20Kong%20listed%20Chinese%20property%20developers'%20debt%20to%20equity%20ratio.jpg
"Currently, under the 'Three Red Lines,', Guangzhou R&F and Evergrande are among our tracked developers that are categorised beyond the 'yellow' group, indicating weaker-than- peers' financial positions," said Cynthia Chan, analyst at Daiwa Capital Markets.
"In terms of cash-to-short-term debt ratios, besides Evergrande and Guangzhou R&F, which have very low ratios of below 1x, Gemdale, Agile and China SCE also have relatively low cash-to-short-term debt ratios of 1.2x or below."
Guangzhou R&F Properties Co 2777.HK was raising as much as $2.5 billion by borrowing from major shareholders and selling a subsidiary, according to exchange filings last month, highlighting the scramble for cash as signs of distress spread in China's property sector.
Graphic: Hong Kong listed Chinese property developers' cash to short term debt https://fingfx.thomsonreuters.com/gfx/mkt/byvrjlwrkve/Hong%20Kong%20listed%20Chinese%20property%20developers'%20cash%20to%20short%20term%20debt.jpg