By David Stanway and Martin Quin Pollard
SHANGHAI/BEIJING (Reuters) -Tesla operated its Shanghai plant well below capacity on Tuesday, showing the problems factories face trying to ramp up output under a tightening COVID-19 lockdown, while China's capital kept up its fight with a small but stubborn outbreak.
Many of the hundreds of companies reopening factories in Shanghai in recent weeks have faced challenges getting production lines back up to speed while keeping workers on-site in a "closed loop" system.
Even if they manage to get everything right, such firms depend on suppliers facing similar challenges.
The latest sign of the struggle trying to increase output under COVID rules came at Tesla (NASDAQ:TSLA)'s Shanghai plant, where a resumption of work three weeks ago got extensive state media coverage as an example of what can be achieved despite restrictions.
The U.S. automaker has halted most of its production at the plant due to problems securing parts, according to an internal memo seen by Reuters.
Tesla had planned as late as last week to increase output to pre-lockdown levels by next week.
Among Tesla suppliers facing difficulties is wire harness maker Aptiv (NYSE:APTV) after infections were found among its employees, sources said on Monday.
Videos posted online last week showed dozens of workers at Apple (NASDAQ:AAPL) and Tesla supplier Quanta overwhelming hazmat-suited security guards and vaulting over factory gates fearing being trapped inside by a lockdown.
COVID curbs in Shanghai, Beijing and dozens of other major manufacturing hubs across China are taking a heavy toll on the world's second largest economy, with significant knock-on impacts on global trade and supply chains.
China's export growth slowed to its weakest in almost two years, data showed on Monday. Unemployment was also near two-year highs.
Uncertainty is high, with economists unable to say with any accuracy when the country will bring COVID under control and what the final cost is likely to be.
"Growth in China is likely to remain hostage to the course of the pandemic for most of the year," analysts at Fathom Consulting said in a note.
Chinese stocks were just off two-year lows, and the yuan traded near 18-month lows on Tuesday.
Shanghai, a vital centre for commerce, finance and manufacturing for China and beyond with a population of 25 million, was enduring its sixth week of a city-wide lockdown.
The prolonged isolation increasingly jars with an outside world which is gradually returning to its pre-COVID way of life, even if cases spread.
China has threatened actions against critics of its "dynamic-zero COVID" policy, which it says aims to "put life first" and prevent a death toll like ones seen around the world.
BEIJING ON HIGH ALERT
Testing was becoming daily routine in much of Beijing and other places in China.
The capital has not seen its daily case numbers grow beyond several dozen since its latest outbreak began on April 22. But it has also found it difficult to bring them down significantly.
So restrictions have gradually tightened.
An area in the southwest of the capital on Monday banned residents from leaving their neighbourhoods and ordered all activity not related to virus prevention to stop.
Elsewhere, some residents have been told to work from home; dine-in services at restaurants were banned; parks, some malls and other venues were shut; some bus and subway routes were curtailed; isolated lockdowns were enforced on some buildings.
The number of new COVID cases in Shanghai has been falling for almost two weeks, but remains in the thousands and restrictions are tightening.
"We are still in a critical period of epidemic prevention," said Sun Xiaodong, deputy director of the Municipal Centre for Disease Control.
FINAL PUSH
The city was making what it hoped was a final push to end infections outside areas under the strictest curbs - the most significant gauge of whether the virus was being brought under control.
Many residential compounds have received notices that people would no longer be allowed out, having been able to go for brief walks or quick grocery trips previously.
In some cases, entire communities have been sent into quarantine after just one member tested positive.
Ruthless enforcement has fuelled resentment.
A former Southern Weekender journalist, Lian Qingchuan, described in a WeChat post how he tried in vain for several days to convince authorities to let him visit his dying mother in another province without having to quarantine first.
His mother died before he could see her, which, he said, filled him with rage.
"I wanted to be a filial person, but they have turned me into an ungrateful person who is worse than a beast,” he wrote in the post, which was taken down soon after it appeared.
“I know exactly who my enemies are.”
He declined comment when contacted by Reuters.