By Guy Faulconbridge and Elizabeth Piper
LONDON (Reuters) - Prime Minister Theresa May will ask the European Union to delay Brexit by at least three months after her plan to hold another vote this week on her twice-defeated divorce deal was thrown into disarray by a surprise intervention from the speaker of parliament.
Nearly three years after Britain voted to leave the EU, its departure is uncertain and European capitals are pressing May to spell out her next moves. Possible eventual outcomes still range from a long postponement, leaving with May's deal, a disruptive exit without a deal, or even another referendum.
Ten days before the March 29 exit date that May set, and two days before a crucial EU summit, she was on Tuesday writing to European Council President Donald Tusk to ask for a delay, her spokesman said.
He did not disclose how long a delay she would seek, but said she believed it should be as short as possible.
The prime minister had earlier warned parliament that if it did not ratify her deal, she would ask to delay Brexit beyond June 30, a step that Brexit's advocates fear would endanger the entire divorce.
Other EU member states were discussing two main options: a delay of two to three months, if May persuades them she can clinch a deal at home, or much longer if she accepts that radical reworking is needed.
The EU's chief negotiator, Michel Barnier, said an extension would only make sense if it increased the chances of May's deal being ratified by parliament.
He said the economic and political costs of a delay for the EU had to be weighed against the potential benefits.
The BBC's political editor, Laura Kuenssberg, said May would ask for an extension until June 30 - which could give her another chance to pass her deal - with the option of a delay of up to two years.
BREXIT CRISIS
In a move that added to the sense of crisis in London, speaker John Bercow ruled on Monday that May's deal had to be substantially different to be voted on again by parliament.
Brexit Secretary Steve Barclay said a vote this week was now less likely, adding: "This is a moment of crisis for our country." But he indicated the government still planned a third vote.
British lawmakers will in any case be able to debate ways to break the Brexit impasse from Monday, May's spokesman said.
German Chancellor Angela Merkel warned time was running out, saying: "I will fight until the last minute of the time to March 29 for an orderly exit. We haven't got a lot of time for that."
Her foreign minister, Heiko Maas, said: "If more time is needed, it's always better to do another round than a no-deal Brexit."
Tusk and Irish Prime Minister Leo Varadkar agreed after talks that they must now "see what proposals emerge from London" before the summit.
If Britain left with no deal, it would quit the EU's 500 million-strong single market and customs union overnight, falling back on World Trade Organization rules that could mean many import and export tariffs. It would face the prospect of manufacturing and financial market disruption, sharp economic contraction and border delays..
An official in President Emmanuel Macron's office said bluntly that a failure by parliament to vote on the deal and the absence of any credible alternative would push Britain along the path to 'no deal'.
However, most senior EU figures, while exasperated by Britain's dithering, have no appetite for pushing it out in 10 days' time without a deal.
PUZZLED
The crisis has left allies and investors puzzled by a country that for decades seemed a confident pillar of Western economic and political stability.
The 2016 referendum, which produced a 52-48 percent vote to leave, exposed deep divisions and has fueled soul-searching about everything from secession and immigration to capitalism and British identity.
And now Britons' patience with negotiations may be running out. In a Comres survey in the Telegraph, nearly half of respondents said Britain would ultimately thrive if it left without a deal.
The pressure to come up with changes means May is likely to get only one more chance to put her deal to a vote.
Bercow said his ruling did not stop the government reshaping its proposal, or having parliament vote to overrule him.
Brexit Secretary Barclay said a change in context might be sufficient to meet Bercow's test.
Even before Bercow's intervention, May was having difficulty boosting support for her deal - which would aim to secure close trade ties with the EU while leaving its formal structures - after it was defeated by 230 votes on Jan. 15, and by 149 votes on March 12.
She needs to win over at least 75 lawmakers - dozens of rebels in her own Conservative Party, some Labour lawmakers, and the Northern Irish Democratic Unionist Party (DUP), which props up her minority government. The DUP said it was unlikely to support the deal in a third vote unless it was convinced it can pass, HuffPost reported.
In addition to regulating the terms of departure, May's deal promises to take Britain out of the EU single market and customs union, common fisheries and farm policies and the jurisdiction of the European Court of Justice at the end of a status-quo period in which new trade arrangements would be agreed.