Globally, production should become less energy and carbon intensive in order to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and eradicate energy poverty worldwide.
- According to the EU Reference Scenario, the increase in prices for carbon emission allowances is crucial for reducing carbon intensity in the power and manufacturing sectors.
- More measures will be necessary to reach the European climate goals. In particular, more could be done in the transport sector, which is clearly lagging behind.
- The European environmental policy could be an example for the rest of the world. However, to convince the emerging countries, carbon emissions should be faster reduced.
At the 2015 Paris climate conference COP21, all the 195 participating countries agreed on keeping the increase in the global average temperature well below 2°C relative to pre-industrial levels. At the same time, the UN Development programme has as goal to eradicate energy poverty globally. Today 1.2 billion people (17% of the world population) lack access to electricity. The IEA estimates that by 2040 more than half a billion people, increasingly concentrated in rural areas of sub-Saharan Africa, could be still without access to electricity.
These objectives place the world economy for two major challenges. The emission of greenhouse gases should be reduced and at some point between 2040 and 2060 net gas emissions should even become zero. At the same time, the total supply of energy, the main source of CO2 emissions, have to rise in order to meet the demand of the growing world population.
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by Raymond VAN DER PUTTEN