Dollar holds near multi-month high on U.S. growth bets

© Reuters. A man counts U.S. dollar banknotes at a currency exchange shop in Beirut

By Hideyuki Sano

TOKYO (Reuters) - The dollar held near a multi-month high against other major currencies on Thursday as investors bet fiscal stimulus and aggressive vaccinations will help the United States grow faster than other economies.

The dollar's index against a basket of six major currencies hit a five-month high of 93.439 on Wednesday and last stood at 93.209.

The gains came as the euro, by far the biggest component in the index, suffers from concerns the euro zone's economic recovery is being hampered by a third wave of COVID-19 infections.

President Emmanuel Macron ordered France into its third national lockdown and said schools would close for three weeks while the currency bloc also lagged the United States in vaccination programmes.

The euro changed hands at $1.1726, after hitting a near five-month low of $1.1704.

Against the British pound, the common currency hit a 13-month low of 0.8503 pound and last stood at 0.8509.

The U.S. currency held firm against the yen after ending March with its biggest monthly gains since November 2016.

The dollar traded at 110.74 yen, having risen to as high as 110.97, its highest level in a year.

"Rises in U.S. bond yields on hope of vaccine rollouts and fiscal stimulus are boosting the dollar, as the dollar/yen is known to be particularly sensitive to interest rates differentials," said Yujiro Goto, chief FX strategist at Nomura Securities.

"Yen-selling due to Japanese companies' foreign direct investment is coming back after a slowdown due to the pandemic last year," he added.

Japanese conglomerate Hitachi (OTC:HTHIY) on Wednesday announced $9.6 billion acquisition of U.S. software company GlobalLogic Inc.

Some traders speculated flows related to the deal could be behind some of the dollar's recent rises.

U.S. President Joe Biden announced his long awaited $2 trillion-plus job plan, including $621 billion to rebuild infrastructure.

Coupled with his recently enacted $1.9 trillion coronavirus relief package, Biden's infrastructure initiative would give the federal government a bigger role in the U.S. economy than it has had in generations, accounting for 20% or more of annual output.

But the effort sets the stage for the next partisan clash in the Congress where members are divided on the total size and inclusion of programs traditionally seen as social services.

That leaves big uncertainties on how the plan will end up, helping to keep immediate market reactions to minimum.

"On the detail to hand, this new package would certainly be a big positive for the U.S. economy if passed by Congress," said Elliot Clarke, senior economist at Westpac in Sydney.

"However, the $2 trillion of the proposed infrastructure and investment initiatives would be spread across eight years. Further, this is not $2 trillion in net stimulus. Rather it is to be offset over 15 years by an increase in the corporate tax rate from 21% to 28% as well as the rate multi-national companies pay on overseas profits," he added.

While currency trading is expected to slow towards the Easter holidays in many parts of the world, the dollar could gain further if upcoming key U.S. economic indicators surprise on the upside.

A survey by the Institute for Supply Management (ISM) on Thursday is expected to show a further improvement in the manufacturing activity.

Economists expect Friday's job data to show an increase of about 650,000 payrolls in March while the latest chatter in the market is it could swing higher, and even top one million.

The ADP National Employment Report showed on Wednesday U.S. private payrolls increased by 517,000 jobs last month, slightly lower than market forecasts.

In the crypto asset market, bitcoin maintained its firmness over the past several days to trade at $58,766.