By Ron Bousso
ISTANBUL (Reuters) - While OPEC and other big crude producers work toward a deal to cap production to erode a glut, industry executives are concerned the sharp drop in investment that followed the oil price crash could lead to another crisis - a supply shortage.
Over $1 trillion worth of oil projects have been canceled or delayed, Saudi Energy Minister Khalid al-Falih said on Monday at the World Energy Congress in Istanbul, after companies slashed budgets due to oil prices more than halving to around $50 a barrel since mid-2014.
Oil fields take years to develop. In many cases, a decision taken in 2016 to develop a field means oil production will start in around 2020.
OPEC, which produces around a third of the world's oil, will hold talks with non-member oil producers on Wednesday to work out details of a global agreement to cap production for at least six months. Non-OPEC member Russia, the world's largest producer, has lent its support.
And as OPEC revives its role as an oil "central banker", French oil and gas company Total Chief Executive Patrick Pouyanne urged the industry to start investing again.
"By 2020 we will have a lack of supplies," Pouyanne told the conference.
"Volatility has been huge. The stress on everybody, the balance sheets of companies and countries is huge," he added.
BP (LON:BP) Chief Executive Bob Dudley echoed his concerns.
"As much as a $1 trillion of big projects have been canceled or deferred around the world and that could catch up with the world," Dudley said at the same event.
So far this year, eight new oil and gas projects have been approved, which will add around 1 million of barrels of oil equivalent when they come on stream, Bernstein analysts said. They are expected to take an average of 38 months to come onstream, at a combined cost of around $22.1 billion.
The International Energy Agency forecast in its 2016 medium-term report that oil demand will outstrip supplies starting in 2018.
But Dudley expects supply and demand to be relatively balanced until the end of the decade due to new fields that are coming on line in the coming years and the abundance of U.S. shale oil, which can be extracted within a few months.
As a result, he expects oil prices to remain within a band of $55 to $70 a barrel until the end of the decade, well below the $114 a barrel it hit in mid-2014.
"I do see the price of oil setting itself a band. Shale oil in the US… will attenuate the price a bit."
But unlike previous supply shortages, new technological breakthroughs that improve field production and reduce downtime will lead to shorter cycles, said Lorenzo Simonelli, CEO of oil services company GE Oil & Gas.
"The industry will continue to be volatile. However, it has also changed with the advent of shale and technology we are going to see smaller cycles of volatility," Simonelli said.